[tex]\displaystyle\bf\\1)\\\\\left \{ {{a_{6} =23} \atop {a_{11} =48}} \right. \\\\\\-\left \{ {{a_{1} +5d=23} \atop {a_{1} +10d=48}} \right. \\----------\\-5d=-25\\\\\boxed{d=5}\\\\a_{1} =23-5d=23-5\cdot 5=23-25=-2\\\\\boxed{a_{1} =-2}\\\\\\Otvet \ : \ a_{1} =-2 \ \ ; \ \ d= 5\\\\\\2)\\\\\left \{ {{a_{9} =32} \atop {a_{3} =2}} \right. \\\\\\-\left \{ {{a_{1} +8d=32} \atop {a_{1} +2d=2}} \right. \\----------\\6d=30\\\\\boxed{d=5}\\\\a_{1} =2-2d=2-2\cdot 5=2-10=-8[/tex]

[tex]\displaystyle\bf\\ \boxed{a_{1} =-8}\\\\\\Otvet \ : \ a_{1} =-8 \ \ ; \ \ d=5[/tex]