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Many people say that the British read millions of books, newspapers and magazines each day. Most of us read at least one newspaper a day and often pick up a copy of a book that is being read by hundreds of people, perhaps at the same time in the same language. I wonder how many people stop and think back to that day in the not-so-distant past when the first sheet of printed paper came off the first printing press used in England. That was in the year 1477 when William Caxton brought his printing press from Flanders, set it up at Westminster in the shadow of the old Abbey and set to work to produce the first books in English.
Canterbury Tales by Chaucer, who lived from 1340 to 1400, was among the books he printed, together with many translations from Latin and French.
Canterbury Tales was very popular among the people who could read at that time. These educated people who lived mainly in London could easily understand the language of Canterbury Tales because it was written in the dialect of London. But people from other parts of England couldn't understand very much because at that time each county had its own dialect. So the people of Kent, the West Country, the Midlands, London, the North and other parts of England could not easily understand each other.
Because Caxton printed his book in one dialect, the educated English had a common dialect, and as education spread, this dialect became the language of England.
Of course, if you read one of Caxton's original books you won't understand it very well because of the great changes in English grammar and spelling since Caxton lived. Caxton himself wrote in one of his books about the many changes in his lifetime.
«And certainly our language now used varyeth ferre from that whiche was used and spoken when I was bourne».
As you can see it varies very much in spelling and structure from the English you are reading, but you certainly recognize it as English of Caxton to whom we owe so much.
Many people say that the British read millions of books, newspapers and magazines each day. Most of us read at least one newspaper a day and often pick up a copy of a book that is being read by hundreds of people, perhaps at the same time in the same language. I wonder how many people stop and think back to that day in the not-so-distant past when the first sheet of printed paper came off the first printing press used in England. That was in the year 1477 when William Caxton brought his printing press from Flanders, set it up at Westminster in the shadow of the old Abbey and set to work to produce the first books in English.
Canterbury Tales by Chaucer, who lived from 1340 to 1400, was among the books he printed, together with many translations from Latin and French.
Canterbury Tales was very popular among the people who could read at that time. These educated people who lived mainly in London could easily understand the language of Canterbury Tales because it was written in the dialect of London. But people from other parts of England couldn't understand very much because at that time each county had its own dialect. So the people of Kent, the West Country, the Midlands, London, the North and other parts of England could not easily understand each other.
Because Caxton printed his book in one dialect, the educated English had a common dialect, and as education spread, this dialect became the language of England.
Of course, if you read one of Caxton's original books you won't understand it very well because of the great changes in English grammar and spelling since Caxton lived. Caxton himself wrote in one of his books about the many changes in his lifetime.
«And certainly our language now used varyeth ferre from that whiche was used and spoken when I was bourne».
As you can see it varies very much in spelling and structure from the English you are reading, but you certainly recognize it as English of Caxton to whom we owe so much.
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(Вы здесь немного ошибок допустили (2-3 точно), когда задание давали, но ничего страшного, понять возможно)
Многие говорят, что британцы читают миллионы книг, газет и журналов каждый день. Большинство из нас читает хотя бы одну газету в день и часто берет экземпляр книги, которую читают сотни людей, возможно, одновременно на одном и том же языке. Интересно, сколько людей останавливаются и вспоминают тот день в недалеком прошлом, когда первый лист печатной бумаги сошёл с первого печатного станка, который использовался в Англии. Это было в 1477 году, когда Уильям Кекстон привез свой печатный станок из Фландрии, установил его в Вестминстере в тени старого аббатства и приступил к работе по выпуску первых книг на английском языке.
Кентерберийские сказки Чосера, жившего с 1340 по 1400 год, были среди книг, которые он напечатал, а также множество переводов с латинского и французского языков.
Кентерберийские сказки были очень популярны среди людей, которые умели читать в то время. Эти образованные люди, жившие в основном в Лондоне, могли легко понять язык "Кентерберийских сказок", потому что он был написан на диалекте Лондона. Но люди из других частей Англии не очень понимали, потому что в то время у каждого графства был свой диалект. Поэтому жители Кента, Западной страны, Мидленда, Лондона, Севера и других частей Англии не могли легко понять друг друга.
Поскольку Кэкстон напечатал свою книгу на одном диалекте, "образованный английский" имел похожий диалект, и по мере распространения образования этот диалект стал языком Англии.
Конечно, если вы прочитаете одну из оригинальных книг Кэкстона, вы не очень хорошо ее поймете из-за больших изменений в грамматике и орфографии английского языка, произошедших со времен жизни Кэкстона. Сам Кэкстон написал в одной из своих книг о многих изменениях в своей жизни.
«And certainly our language now used variety ferre from that which was used and spoken when I was borne»
(Как я понял, это фраза из "старого английского".Она может означать примерно это (но я не до конца уверен в переводе, как Вы дальше увидите) - "И, конечно же, наш язык теперь использует "varyeth ferre" ("сортового хорька?") из того, что использовалось и на котором говорили, когда я родился").
Как вы видите, он очень отличается по орфографии и структуре от английского, который вы читаете, но вы, безусловно, признаете его английским Кекстона, которому мы так многим обязаны.