Англійською мовою.

At the beginning of the XVII century, two worlds collided: the old world of feudal darkness and cruelty and the new world, where the power of gold and pernicious passions reign. Observing this clash of two evils, the humanists of those times gradually lost faith in the triumph of goodness, justice, and brotherhood. It was at this turn of the era that the English playwright William Shakespeare created his most problematic and most profound work - the tragedy Hamlet.Prince Hamlet of Denmark, who is the main character of the tragedy, is a typical intellectual-humanist of the Renaissance variety. He sincerely believes in man-the most perfect of all beings. Hamlet is a university student, he is surrounded by friends and full of ardent love for life. The main character does not know that his idea of the world will vanish Like smoke at the first encounter with reality. Hamlet will have to feel, so to speak, all the doubts inherent in man in general, and two contradictory feelings possess his soul.Hamlet returns to Elsinore after the unexpected death of his father, the king. The prince learns that his mother, Queen Gertrude, married the worthless and cunning Claudius too quickly, who poisoned the king. Thus, Queen Gertrude betrayed not only her husband, but also her son. Hamlet swears to avenge his father's death. From now on, revenge becomes the main meaning of his life.In Hamlet's famous monologue about man, Shakespeare shows the destructive mental struggle between ideal ideas and cruel reality. The shameful murder of his father, the indecent and unnatural marriage of his mother, the betrayal of friends, the weakness and cowardice of his beloved, the meanness of courtiers - all this fills the prince's soul with unbearable suffering. Hamlet realizes that Denmark is a prison, that age has gone wrong, and time has gone crazy. So, from now on, the main character remains on his own with an ugly world where lust, cruelty, and hatred reign.Wearing the mask of a silly fool, Hamlet enters into a duel with a world full of evil. The prince kills the courtier Polonius, who is spying on him, exposes the betrayal of his university comrades, abandons Ophelia, who is able to resist the evil influence and is drawn into an intrigue against Hamlet.The prince dreams not only of revenge for his murdered father or retribution for personal grievances. Hamlet's soul is stirred by reflections on the need to fight the injustice of the world. The main character asks a rhetorical question: why should he fix the world, which has completely gone wrong? Does Hamlet have the right to do this? Evil lives in himself, and the prince confesses to himself his own pomposity, ambition, and vindictiveness. How, under such conditions, to defeat the external evil? How can we help a person to defend the virtues of the most perfect of all beings? Hamlet is forced to delay, to suffer under the burden of inhuman torment. It is then that the main character poses a deadly question to himself: to be or not to be? The solution of this question is the essence of the tragedy of Hamlet-the tragedy of a thinking person who came to a disorderly world too early, the first of people to clearly see its striking imperfection."Hamlet" is a tragedy of the awakened mind. A peculiar result of it can be found in the following lines: so the mind makes us timid, the bright colors of our bravery and reflection lose their color, and high intentions, barely born, die before they are incarnated.Hence Hamlet's grief originates. The Prince realizes that in the fight against evil, the only possible means is the very evil, the use of which distorts and distorts the noble goal. Hence the cry of the soul that bursts out of Hamlet's chest before the decisive meeting with Queen Gertrude: let me be cruel - and not a beast, let a sharp word hurt - not a dagger, let my soul and my tongue be hypocritical.How words color her heart, connect, soul, do not dare to do them!Finally Hamlet makes a decision. He is actually close to madness, because the sight of evil that reigns is unbearable.Hamlet takes personal responsibility for the world's evil, for all the imperfections of existence, for all the suffering of people. The main character, acutely feeling his loneliness and realizing his impotence, still goes into battle and dies as a fighter. Hamlet's behavior in the final act of the tragedy is a model of human behavior, the meaning of which is that the thought should be bold, thoughts - pure, conscience and soul - unblemished.The tragedy Hamlet, like other works by William Shakespeare, raises eternal problems: contradictions between reality and the ideal, the discrepancy between the goal and the means to achieve them, the role of the individual in the history of mankind. And finally, the problem of the meaning of the life of each individual person.