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An automated production.

An automated production line consists of a series of workstations connected by a transfer system to move parts between the stations. This is an example of fixed automation, since these lines are set up for long produc¬tion runs, making large number of product units and running for several years between changeovers. Each station is designed to perform a specific processing op¬eration, so that the part or product is constructed stepwise as it progresses along the line. A raw work part enters at one end of the line, proceeds through each workstation and appears at the other end as a completed product. Modern automated lines are controlled by program¬mable logic controllers, which are special computers that can perform timing and sequencing functions required to operate such equipment. Automated production lines are utilized in many industries, mostly automobile, where they are used for processes such as machining and pressworking. Machining is a manufacturing process in which metal is removed by a cutting or shaping tool, so that the remain¬ing work part is the desired shape. Machinery and motor components are usually made by this process. In many cases, multiple operations are required to completely shape the part. If the part is mass-produced, an automated transfer line is often the most economical method of pro-duction. Many separate operations are divided among the workstations. Pressworking operations involve the cutting and forming of parts from sheet metal. Several presses are connected together in se¬quence by handling mechanisms that transfer the par¬tially completed parts from one press to the next, thus creating an automated pressworking line.

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