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WHAT IS AN ELECTRON?
What is an electron? It is a very small, indivisible, fundamental particle – a major constituent of all matter. All electrons appear to be identical and to have properties that do not change with time.
Two essential characteristics of the electron are its mass and its charge. Qualitatively, an electron is a piece of matter that has weight and is affected by gravity. Just as the mass of any object is defined, the mass of the electron can be defined by applying a force and measuring the resulting rate of change in the velocity of the electron, that is, the rapidity with which its velocity changes. This rate of change is called acceleration, and the electron mass is then defined as the ratio of the applied force to the resulting acceleration. The mass of the electron is found to be about 9.11 10-28 grams. Not only the electron but all matter appears to have positive mass, which is equivalent to saying that a force applied to any abject results in acceleration in the same direction as the force.
How does the other aspect, the charge of the electron, arise? All electrons have an electric charge, and the amount of charge, like the mass, is identical for all electrons. No one has ever succeeded in isolating an amount of charge smaller than that of the electron. The sign of the charge of the electron is conventionally defined as negative; the electron thus represents the fundamental unit of a negative charge.
WHAT IS AN ELECTRON?
What is an electron? It is a very small, indivisible, fundamental particle – a major constituent of all matter. All electrons appear to be identical and to have properties that do not change with time.
Two essential characteristics of the electron are its mass and its charge. Qualitatively, an electron is a piece of matter that has weight and is affected by gravity. Just as the mass of any object is defined, the mass of the electron can be defined by applying a force and measuring the resulting rate of change in the velocity of the electron, that is, the rapidity with which its velocity changes. This rate of change is called acceleration, and the electron mass is then defined as the ratio of the applied force to the resulting acceleration. The mass of the electron is found to be about 9.11 10-28 grams. Not only the electron but all matter appears to have positive mass, which is equivalent to saying that a force applied to any abject results in acceleration in the same direction as the force.
How does the other aspect, the charge of the electron, arise? All electrons have an electric charge, and the amount of charge, like the mass, is identical for all electrons. No one has ever succeeded in isolating an amount of charge smaller than that of the electron. The sign of the charge of the electron is conventionally defined as negative; the electron thus represents the fundamental unit of a negative charge.
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Это очень маленькая ,неделимая частица -основная составляющая всей материи .Все электроны оказываются идентичными и обладают свойствами ,которые не изменяются со временем. Две существенные характеристики электрона - его масса и заряд. Качественно электрон - кусок материи, которая имеет вес и подвержена влиянию силы тяжести. Так же, как определяется масса любого объекта, массу электрона можно определить, применяя силу и измеряя полученную скорость изменения скорости электрона, т. Е. Скорость, с которой его скорость изменяется. Эта скорость изменения называется ускорением, а затем масса электрона определяется как отношение приложенной силы к полученному ускорению. Масса электрона составляет около 9,11 или 10-28 грамм. Полагают, что не только электрон, но и вся материя имеют положительную массу, что эквивалентно утверждению, что сила, приложенная к любому презрению, приводит к ускорению в том же направлении, что и сила.Как возникает другой аспект, заряд электрона? Все электроны имеют электрический заряд, и величина заряда, как и масса, одинакова для всех электронов. Никто никогда не удавалось выделить количество заряда меньше, чем электрон. Знак заряда электрона условно определяется как отрицательный; Таким образом, электрон представляет собой основную единицу отрицательного заряда.