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The Sheremetev Palace
This palace is known as well by the name ‗the Fountain House‖, as it
overlooks the River Fontanka. This building is a remarkable monument of the 18th
century Russian architecture. In 1712, Peter the great presented this plot of land to
Field Marshal Boris Sheremetev. Count Boris Sheremetev didn‘t live there
himself, because he had a splendid house near the present Millionnaya street. The
first owner of the house was his son, count Pyotr Sheremetev.
First, between 1720 and 1740, the wooden building was erected, but it was
reconstructed between 1750 and 1755 by two outstanding architects Fyodor
Argunov and Savva Chevakinsky. The big two-storeyed stone palace was built.
There were three parts: the main building and two wings. The building was
decorated with moulded heads over the windows and beautiful ornamentation.
There were service rooms, kunstkammer and weapons room on the first floor
of the palace. The main apartments were situated on the second floor. They were
decorated with gold-plated carvings, painted ceilings and panels. Lots of the
furniture, paintings, bronze objects and sets of dishes were brought from Europe.
Behind the palace a spacious park was laid. It was a big regular garden with
classical sculptures and fountains. There was a grotto, a Chinese bower and the
Hermitage pavilion. Later this place was sold and the dwelling-houses were built
there.28
In front of the palace there is a great railing. This railing was made after the
design of the architect Ieronim Corsini between 1837 and 1838. The gates are
decorated with the Sheremetev‘s coat of arms.
In the left part of the main yard the single-storeyed service house with gates
was built in 1867. This building was designed by the architect Nicholay Benois.
In the middle of the 19th century the palace was occupied by the Field
Marshal‘s descendant, Nicholay Sheremetev. He was one of the richest men in
Russia.
The composer Mikhail Glinka used to visit the palace. When the artist Orest
Kiprensky lived in this house, Alexander Pushkin sat for him. Kiprensky painred
his portrait.
The poetess Anna Akhmatova lived here for the great part of her life from
1924 till 1952. She deserved the title of the ―Sappho of the 20th century‖. Her muse
was lyric and she also expressed the tragedy of her Mother-land in her poems.
Nowadays, in the flat of Anna Akhmatova a memorial museum is located.
After 1917, in the Sheremetev Palace a museum of the everyday life of
nobility was established.
In 1990, the palace was given to the Museum of Theatre and Music.