перевести без переводчика: Synthetic polymers and their application
Polymers are the dynamic part of industry, particularly plastics and fibres. A polymer is a substance consisting of molecules and characterized by its viscosity colour and by its softening points. Until recently it was thought that the properties of the polymers were determined only by the chemical structure of their molecules. Chemists after many years of research have established that the properties of polymers produced are largely determined by the pattern of their big molecules. The properties of polymers depend on their super-molecular structure.
Polymers just like metal a can be alloyed, i.e. groups different in composition may be introduced into the structure of the polymers. A study has been made of possible variants of structural patterns of different polymers and of ways of developing the required structures. This has opened up the possibility for developing substances with scheduled properties.
High molecular compounds possessing a great variety of valuable properties, they can therefore be used in a wide range of things.
The main concern of researchers and engineers is to improve the quality of mass produced goods.
The so-called "aging" of material is a result of deterioration in the properties of polymers due to chemical and physical changes caused by the effect of light, heat and humidify. Many laboratories are conducting research to prevent these processes.
Polymers are the dynamic part of industry, particularly plastics and fibres. A polymer is a substance consisting of molecules and characterized by its viscosity colour and by its softening points. Until recently it was thought that the properties of the polymers were determined only by the chemical structure of their molecules. Chemists after many years of research have established that the properties of polymers produced are largely determined by the pattern of their big molecules. The properties of polymers depend on their super-molecular structure.
Polymers just like metal a can be alloyed, i.e. groups different in composition may be introduced into the structure of the polymers. A study has been made of possible variants of structural patterns of different polymers and of ways of developing the required structures. This has opened up the possibility for developing substances with scheduled properties.
High molecular compounds possessing a great variety of valuable properties, they can therefore be used in a wide range of things.
The main concern of researchers and engineers is to improve the quality of mass produced goods.
The so-called "aging" of material is a result of deterioration in the properties of polymers due to chemical and physical changes caused by the effect of light, heat and humidify. Many laboratories are conducting research to prevent these processes.
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Синтетические полимеры и их применение.
Полимеры -- динамическая часть производства,в особенности производства пластмасс и волокон. Полимер -- вещество,состоящее из молекул и характеризующееся вязкостью и температурой размягчения. До недавнего времени считалось,что свойства полимеров определяются исключительно химической структурой их молекул. После многих лет исследований химики установили,что свойства производимых полимеров определяются преимущественно расположением их больших молекул. Свойства полимеров зависят от их надмолекулярной структуры. Такие полимеры как металл могут быть сплавлены,т.е. разные по составу группы могут быть объединены в единую структуру полимеров. Изучались возможные варианты расположения структур различных полимеров и способы создания необходимых структур. Это дало возможность создания веществ с необходимыми свойствами. Высокомолекулярные соединения обладают большим разнообразием ценных свойств,потому их можно использовать в самых разных областях. Основной задачей исследователей и инженеров является повышение качества товаров массового производства. Так называемое "старение" материала -- результат ухудшения свойств полимеров из-за химических и физических изменений,вызванных воздействием света,тепла и влаги. Многие лаборатории проводят иссследования с целью предотвращения этих процессов.