перевести TEXT 1 Family structure
The British live longer, marry later, have fewer children and are more likely to get divorced than ever before. Young people leave home earlier, though not necessarily to get married. More women now go out to work and more people, especially the old, live alone. The nuclear family (perhaps two children) has largely replaced the extended family where several generations lived together.
Although patterns are changing, most people in Britain still get married and have children and stay together until the end of their lives. People are marrying later: the average woman gets married at twenty-four to a man who is just over two years older (although it is estimated that 40 per cent of couples live together before getting married).
Mrs. Average now has her first child at the age of twenty-seven, but she will have only one or two children: only one mother in four has more. Nine out of ten married women will have children at some point in their lives. And despite the changes in working habits it is usually the woman who has overall responsibility for domestic life: the traditional division of family responsibilities still persists.
Britain has one of the highest divorce rates in Western Europe: approximately one in three marriages ends in divorce, half of them in the first ten years of marriage. As a result more people are getting remarried and there are now over a million single parents looking after 1,6 million children. There has also been a sharp rise in the rate of illegitimacy: in 1987 23 per cent of babies were born outside marriage.
The British live longer, marry later, have fewer children and are more likely to get divorced than ever before. Young people leave home earlier, though not necessarily to get married. More women now go out to work and more people, especially the old, live alone. The nuclear family (perhaps two children) has largely replaced the extended family where several generations lived together.
Although patterns are changing, most people in Britain still get married and have children and stay together until the end of their lives. People are marrying later: the average woman gets married at twenty-four to a man who is just over two years older (although it is estimated that 40 per cent of couples live together before getting married).
Mrs. Average now has her first child at the age of twenty-seven, but she will have only one or two children: only one mother in four has more. Nine out of ten married women will have children at some point in their lives. And despite the changes in working habits it is usually the woman who has overall responsibility for domestic life: the traditional division of family responsibilities still persists.
Britain has one of the highest divorce rates in Western Europe: approximately one in three marriages ends in divorce, half of them in the first ten years of marriage. As a result more people are getting remarried and there are now over a million single parents looking after 1,6 million children. There has also been a sharp rise in the rate of illegitimacy: in 1987 23 per cent of babies were born outside marriage.
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Состав семьи
Британцы живут дольше, женятся позже, у них меньше детей и больше шансов развестись, чем когда-либо прежде. Молодые люди уходят из дома раньше, хотя и не обязательно, чтобы пожениться. Сейчас все больше женщин выходят на работу, и все больше людей, особенно стариков, живут одни.Семья, состоящая из родителей и детей (возможно, двое детей) в значительной степени заменила большую семью, где несколько поколений жили вместе.
Хотя модели меняются, большинство людей в Великобритании все еще женятся и рожают детей и остаются вместе до конца своей жизни. Люди женятся позже: среднестатистическая женщина выходит замуж в двадцать четыре года за мужчину, который старше ее на два года (хотя, по оценкам, 40% пар живут вместе до вступления в брак).
Среднестатистическая замужняя женщина рожает первого ребенка в возрасте двадцати семи лет, но у нее будет только один ребенок или двое детей: только у одной матери из четырех есть больше детей. Девять из десяти замужних женщин рожают детей в какой-то момент в их жизни. И несмотря на изменения в рабочих привычках, обычно именно женщина несет общую ответственность за семейную жизнь: традиционное разделение семейных обязанностей все еще сохраняется.
В Великобритании один из самых высоких показателей разводов в Западной Европе: примерно каждый третий брак заканчивается разводом, половина из них в первые десять лет брака. В результате все больше людей вступают в повторный брак, и в настоящее время более миллиона одиноких родителей заботятся о 1,6 миллионах детей. Кроме того, резко возросла доля внебрачных детей: в 1987 году 23 процента детей родились вне брака.