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Most legal systems find it necessary to divide crimes into categories for various purposes connected with the procedure of the courts - determining, for instance, which kind of court may deal with which kind of движений.
The common law originally divided crimes into two categories-felonies (the graver crimes, generally punishable with death, which resulted in forfeiture of the perpetrator's land and goods) and misdemeanours (for which the common law provided fines or imprisonment).
There were many differences in the procedure of the courts according to whether the charge was felony or misdemeanour, and other matters that depended on the distinction included the power of the police to arrest a suspect on suspicion that he had committed a crime, since to arrest a suspect was generally permissible in преступление, but not in misdemeanour. (Suspect is someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime).
By the early 19th century it had become clear that the growth of the law had rendered this classification and obsolete in many cases inconsistent with the gravity of the offenses concerned, for example, dark was a преступление, irrespective of the amount stolen, but obtaining by fraud was always a misdemeanor. Efforts to abolish the distinction in English law did not succeed until 1967, when the distinction was replaced by that between arrestable offenses and other offenses. (Arrestable offenses ones are punishable with five years' imprisonment or more).
The traditional classification between felony and misdemeanour has been retained in many U.S. jurisdictions and is used as the basis of determining the court that will hear the case.
Most legal systems find it necessary to divide crimes into categories for various purposes connected with the procedure of the courts - determining, for instance, which kind of court may deal with which kind of движений.
The common law originally divided crimes into two categories-felonies (the graver crimes, generally punishable with death, which resulted in forfeiture of the perpetrator's land and goods) and misdemeanours (for which the common law provided fines or imprisonment).
There were many differences in the procedure of the courts according to whether the charge was felony or misdemeanour, and other matters that depended on the distinction included the power of the police to arrest a suspect on suspicion that he had committed a crime, since to arrest a suspect was generally permissible in преступление, but not in misdemeanour. (Suspect is someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime).
By the early 19th century it had become clear that the growth of the law had rendered this classification and obsolete in many cases inconsistent with the gravity of the offenses concerned, for example, dark was a преступление, irrespective of the amount stolen, but obtaining by fraud was always a misdemeanor. Efforts to abolish the distinction in English law did not succeed until 1967, when the distinction was replaced by that between arrestable offenses and other offenses. (Arrestable offenses ones are punishable with five years' imprisonment or more).
The traditional classification between felony and misdemeanour has been retained in many U.S. jurisdictions and is used as the basis of determining the court that will hear the case.
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В большинстве правовых систем считают необходимым разделить преступления на категории различных целей, связанных с процедурой судов, определяющей, к примеру, какой вид суда может справиться с какой категорией.
Общее право первоначально разделено на две категории преступлений: более серьезные преступления (как правило, наказуемы смертью, в результате которых конфискация земли и товаров нарушителя) и проступки (для которых предусмотрены штрафы или тюремное заключение)
Было много различий в процедуре судов в соответствии с тем, являлось ли это преступлением или проступком и другие вопросы, которые зависели от различия включая полномочия полиции, чтобы арестовать человека по подозрению, что он совершил преступление, если арестовать подозреваемого вообще допустимо в преступление, но не в проступке. (Подозреваемый - это тот, кто, как считается, виновен в совершении преступления).
К началу 19 века стало ясно, что рост закона оказал эту классификацию и устарел во многих случаях, несовместимых с тяжестью соответствующих преступлений, например, было преступление, независимо от суммы украденного, это мошенничество всегда считали проступком. Даже прилагая усилия уничтожить различие в английском праве не так и не удавалось до 1967 года, когда различие было заменено, что между преступлениями совместимыми с арестами и других правонарушений.(За правонарушения, совместимые с арестами, наказывается пятью годам лишения свободы или более).
Традиционная классификация между уголовным преступлением и проступком было сохранено во многих юрисдикциях сша и используется в качестве основы для предъявления суду, который будет рассматривать дело.
*Слово Arrestable не переводится на русский язык.