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A. People’s most ancient relatives, the large monkeys we evolved from, lived on
Earth about five million years ago. A lot of creatures, that share the planet with
us now, appeared long before we did. Amazingly, some of them haven’t
changed much since that time - probably because they were created so
perfectly that no improvement was ever needed. Indeed, sharks, jellyfish and
even ordinary ants, that have been living on Earth for 100 million years
already, look much the same as in the beginning of their life-story.
B. Ants are remarkable creatures as they can be found practically anywhere on
Earth. They are equally comfortable in the forest and in the desert, on the coast
and in the highlands. There are huge ant colonies in Australia, Africa, and
South America. Though ants are relatively small creatures, according to the
researchers, their mass makes up about ten per cent of the total animal biomass
on the world. Isn’t that impressive?
C. There are about 12,000 species of ants. They differ in size and lifestyle but you
can never confuse them with any other animal. All ants have armour to cover
their body, six legs with three joints each, a large head with antennae to touch
and smell, and a pair of very impressive jaws. Ants have two large eyes which
consist of many small eyes. These are called 'compound eyes'.
D. If ants were large, they would be the most scary and deadly animals in the
world. Different species of ants prefer different food but in general they can eat
almost anything! They consume nectar and liquids from flowers and plants, can
eat small insects like caterpillars and flies, and even large animals if the animal
is dead or helpless and immobile. If you leave any food like meat, cheese or
sweets outside, the ants will find it in no time!
E. Ants are social insects. They live in communities which are called colonies.
Depending on the species, there can be a different number of ants in the
colony. The largest colonies may have up to 300 million ants! Life in a colony
is very well organised. Everyone has their own job to do. The queen lays the
eggs and the workers do lots of different jobs: they feed the queen, look after
the eggs and the babies, gather or hunt for food, build and clean the nest and
lots of other jobs. The largest and strongest workers become soldiers and their
job is to guard the nest.
A. People’s most ancient relatives, the large monkeys we evolved from, lived on
Earth about five million years ago. A lot of creatures, that share the planet with
us now, appeared long before we did. Amazingly, some of them haven’t
changed much since that time - probably because they were created so
perfectly that no improvement was ever needed. Indeed, sharks, jellyfish and
even ordinary ants, that have been living on Earth for 100 million years
already, look much the same as in the beginning of their life-story.
B. Ants are remarkable creatures as they can be found practically anywhere on
Earth. They are equally comfortable in the forest and in the desert, on the coast
and in the highlands. There are huge ant colonies in Australia, Africa, and
South America. Though ants are relatively small creatures, according to the
researchers, their mass makes up about ten per cent of the total animal biomass
on the world. Isn’t that impressive?
C. There are about 12,000 species of ants. They differ in size and lifestyle but you
can never confuse them with any other animal. All ants have armour to cover
their body, six legs with three joints each, a large head with antennae to touch
and smell, and a pair of very impressive jaws. Ants have two large eyes which
consist of many small eyes. These are called 'compound eyes'.
D. If ants were large, they would be the most scary and deadly animals in the
world. Different species of ants prefer different food but in general they can eat
almost anything! They consume nectar and liquids from flowers and plants, can
eat small insects like caterpillars and flies, and even large animals if the animal
is dead or helpless and immobile. If you leave any food like meat, cheese or
sweets outside, the ants will find it in no time!
E. Ants are social insects. They live in communities which are called colonies.
Depending on the species, there can be a different number of ants in the
colony. The largest colonies may have up to 300 million ants! Life in a colony
is very well organised. Everyone has their own job to do. The queen lays the
eggs and the workers do lots of different jobs: they feed the queen, look after
the eggs and the babies, gather or hunt for food, build and clean the nest and
lots of other jobs. The largest and strongest workers become soldiers and their
job is to guard the nest.
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Answers & Comments
A. самые древние родственники людей, большие обезьяны, из которых мы эволюционировали, жили
Земле около пяти миллионов лет назад. Много существ, которые разделяют планету с
мы теперь появились задолго до этого. Удивительно, но некоторые из них не
многое изменилось с тех пор-наверное, потому, что они были созданы так
совершенно, что никаких улучшений не требовалось. Действительно, акулы, медузы и
даже обычные муравьи, которые живут на Земле уже 100 миллионов лет
уже сейчас выглядят почти так же, как в начале их жизни-истории.
B. муравьи замечательные существа, поскольку их можно найти практически в любом месте на
Земля. Они одинаково комфортны как в лесу, так и в пустыне, на побережье
и в высокогорных районах. Огромные колонии муравьев в Австралии, Африке, и
Южная Америка. Хотя муравьев не существует, по
исследователей, их масса составляет около десяти процентов от общей биомассы животных
на мир. Разве это не впечатляет?
С. насчитывается около 12 000 видов муравьев. Они отличаются по размеру и образу жизни, но вы
никогда не путайте их с другими животными. Все муравьи имеют броню для покрытия
их тело, шесть ног с тремя суставами каждый, большая голова с антеннами на ощупь
и запах, и пара очень впечатляющих челюстей. Муравьи имеют два больших глаза, которые
состоят из многих маленьких глаз. Эти вызваны "составными глазами".
D. Если муравьи были большими, то они были бы самыми страшными и самыми смертоносными животными в
мир. Разные виды муравьев предпочитают разную пищу, но в целом они могут съесть
почти ничего! Они уничтожают нектар и жидкости от цветков и заводов, могут
едят мелких насекомых, таких как гусеницы и мухи, и даже крупных животных, если животное
мертв или беспомощен и неподвижен. Если вы выходите любая еда как мясо, сыр или
конфеты снаружи, муравьи найдут его в кратчайшие сроки!
Е. муравьи-общественные насекомые. Они живут в сообществах, которые называются колониями.
В зависимости от вида, может быть разное количество муравьев в
колония. Самые большие колонии могут иметь до 300 миллионов муравьев! Жизнь в колонии
очень хорошо организована. У каждого своя работа. Королева закладывает
яйца и рабочие выполняют много разных работ: кормят королеву, ухаживают
яйца и младенцев, собирать или охотиться за пищей, строить и чистить гнездо и
много других рабочих мест. Самые большие и сильные рабочие становятся солдатами и их
работа-охранять гнездо.