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ТЕКСТ :
Several centuries ago a young man could become a doctor by serving an apprenticeship to a practicing physician, meanwhile taking a few night courses in anatomy. Today the future doctor must pass successfully through eight to thirteen or more years of the most demanding, intensive and exhaustive study before setting up his practice.
First he must spend three or four years of premedical training at a recognised university. Here he learns the basic sciences.
During the next two years the student must master the laboratory sciences. To learn the structure of the human body, he studies anatomy, both gross and microscopic. Thorough training is given in the subject of biological chemistry, which is the basis for clinical laboratory diagnosis and medical therapeutics. The functions of the body are learned from books and by laboratory experiments in classes in physiology. Because he is to deal with people intimately, the student must have a working knowledge of psychology. In his pathology classed he will learn about diseases and diseased tissues; and in bacteriology classes, the causes of infectious diseases will be made clear to him. Studying pharmacology. He will learn about drugs. Usually all this study is done before he ever treats a patient.
In the next two years the student receives instructions and practical experience in the care of patients. The organisation of the course work may vary considerably from school to school in this phase of training, but certain basic studies are common to all. They are the study of anaesthetics, skin disorders, the study of the glands of internal secretion, forensic medicine, internal medicine, the study of nervous system and its discases, gynaecology and obstetrics, the study of radiology, surgery, psychiatry, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, preventive medicine, orthopedics, pediatrics, proctology and urology.
During this time the student frequently has the opportunity to spend considerable time in a hospital and acquainit himself with many of the basic procedures and common disorders.
Next come about two years of internship in a hospital. During this period, the intern usually lives at the hospital and receives a small amount of pay. While caring for the hospital patients, he should develop more and more skills and knowledge, transposing the theories learned in a medical school into practical use.
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