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Политическая система Англии
The United Kingdom is a state with a constitutional monarchy and it is governed within a parliamentary democracy. The head of the state is the monarch who is a hereditary member of the Royal Family, and the head of the government is the prime-minister. In practice, the monarch takes little part in the government’s work, he or she just gets weekly oral reports from the prime-minister. The UK has a devolved system of government. The executive power is exercised by the British government, as well as the devolved governments of the Scottish Parliament, Welsh Assembly and Northern Ireland Assembly. The most important departments in the government are the Treasury, the Home Office, the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The treasury is responsible for raising of all taxes and the general management of the economy. The Home Office is responsible for criminal matters, policing, and immigration. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office is responsible for all international relationships.

The legislative body for the UK and British overseas territories is introduced by the Parliament of the UK, as well as the Scottish Parliament, Welsh and Northern Ireland Assemblies. The UK Parliament consists of two legislative parliamentary bodies, the House of Lords (the upper chamber) and the House of Commons (the lower chamber). All legislation has to be approved by both Houses of Parliament. The House of Commons consists of democratically elected Members of Parliament from different political parties, while most members of the House of Lords are hereditary peers. General elections are held every five years.

The UK judiciary power is independent of the legislative and executive powers. The highest court is the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.

The British parliamentary system is a multi-party system. Each of the United Kingdom parliaments or assemblies has elected political parties. The major parties in England are the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal Democratic parties. Meanwhile the dominant party in Scotland is the Scottish National Party.

The United Kingdom has no written constitution. It is not codified and is made up of constitutional conventions and acts of Parliament.