See the affinity between Participle and adverbial subordinate clauses of time
and reason as well as attribute clauses.
a) Instead of the Participle highlighted use a subordinate clause.
1. Having been heated for several hours, the substance began to melt.
2. One of the properties possessed by an electric circuit is known as inductance.
3. Being the cheapest of the metals, iron is widely used.
4. The substance being investigated is first weighed.
5. When heated, glass has no definite melting temperature.
6. If considered from this point of view, the question will be of great interest.
7. Having lost some its electrons, the atom has a positive charge.
8. The engineer making that experiment took a lot of measurements.
b) Instead of the subordinate clause highlighted use a form of Participle.
1. When the engineer was testing the engine, he applied new methods.
2. Materials that have a very high resistance are called insulators.
3. Since all gases are poor conductors of electricity, they can be used as
insulators.
4. The equipment which was needed for the experiment was carefully checked.
5. When students had studied nuclear reactions, they turned to the question of
radioactivity.
6. After energy is produced at the power station, it is transmitted over wires to
distribution centres.