Uzbek literature, the body of written works produced by the Uzbek people of Central Asia, most of whom live in Uzbekistan, with smaller populations in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan.Although its roots stretch as far back as the 9th century, modern Uzbek literature traces its origins in large part to Chagatai literature, a body of works written in the Turkic literary language of Chagatai. The earliest works of Chagatai literature date from the 14th century but remain easily accessible to readers of the modern Uzbek language. Modern Uzbek has today assumed the role once held by Chagatai, which all but vanished by the early 20th century, of being the reference language for Turkic historical and literary works in Central Asia.
From the 10th to the 12th century, Uzbek written literature migrated from a Turkic script to an Arabic one. This transition opened Uzbek writers to the influence of Arabic literature; the result was that Uzbek literature underwent extensive changes as it adopted many of the forms and some of the language of Arabic poetry and prose. Works from this period include Yusuf Khass Hajib’s Kutudgu bilig (“Knowledge Which Leads to Happiness”; Eng. trans. The Wisdom of Royal Glory), written in 1069–70; Mahmud Kashgari’s Diwan lughat al-Turk (Compendium of the Turkic Dialects), compiled in 1072–74; and Ahmad Yugnaki’s 12th-century Hibat al-haqaʾiq (“Gift to Truths”), a didactic poem.
Among the other Central Asian poets who had a lasting influence on Uzbek literature is Ahmed Yesevi, a 12th-century religious poet who was a follower of the great Sufi leader Yūsuf Hamadhānī. Ahmed Yesevi’s poems—collected as Divan-i hikmet (“Book of Wisdom”)—constituted a new genre of Central Asian Turkic literature: a religious folk poetry. He used a popular vernacular that borrowed little Arabic and Persian and that featured a Turkic syllabic metre.
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Uzbek literature, the body of written works produced by the Uzbek people of Central Asia, most of whom live in Uzbekistan, with smaller populations in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan.Although its roots stretch as far back as the 9th century, modern Uzbek literature traces its origins in large part to Chagatai literature, a body of works written in the Turkic literary language of Chagatai. The earliest works of Chagatai literature date from the 14th century but remain easily accessible to readers of the modern Uzbek language. Modern Uzbek has today assumed the role once held by Chagatai, which all but vanished by the early 20th century, of being the reference language for Turkic historical and literary works in Central Asia.
From the 10th to the 12th century, Uzbek written literature migrated from a Turkic script to an Arabic one. This transition opened Uzbek writers to the influence of Arabic literature; the result was that Uzbek literature underwent extensive changes as it adopted many of the forms and some of the language of Arabic poetry and prose. Works from this period include Yusuf Khass Hajib’s Kutudgu bilig (“Knowledge Which Leads to Happiness”; Eng. trans. The Wisdom of Royal Glory), written in 1069–70; Mahmud Kashgari’s Diwan lughat al-Turk (Compendium of the Turkic Dialects), compiled in 1072–74; and Ahmad Yugnaki’s 12th-century Hibat al-haqaʾiq (“Gift to Truths”), a didactic poem.
Among the other Central Asian poets who had a lasting influence on Uzbek literature is Ahmed Yesevi, a 12th-century religious poet who was a follower of the great Sufi leader Yūsuf Hamadhānī. Ahmed Yesevi’s poems—collected as Divan-i hikmet (“Book of Wisdom”)—constituted a new genre of Central Asian Turkic literature: a religious folk poetry. He used a popular vernacular that borrowed little Arabic and Persian and that featured a Turkic syllabic metre.
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