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The history of the Ukrainian population dates back many centuries. It's a well-known fact that the middle Dnieper area was the centre of the first state of the Eastern Slavs. In the northern part of Ukraine Chernihiv, Lviv, Lutsk were the most densely settled regions. In the second half of the 19th century due to the rapid growth of farming and the development of the mining industry in Donbass the south regions began to settle very intensively.

The poverty before World War I and national oppression forced many people to move to Siberia, Central Asia and the Far East.

The Soviet power caused great changes in Ukraine's population. The War claimed millions of lives, during the famines of 1921, 1933 and 1947 over 10 million Ukrainians perished.

Today the average population density is 82 people per square kilometer. The southeastern industrialized provinces are the most densely populated.

There are many nationalities within Ukrainian borders. Only three quarters of population are Ukrainians. Nearly 20 % are Russians, and about 6 % are of other nationalities.

Most of Ukraine's population is urban. Almost 70 % of people live in cities and towns. There are over 400 cities and 900 city-like townships. Kyiv is the largest city and it is the capital of Ukraine. Kharkiv is the second largest city. Donetsk, Dnepropetrovsk and Odessa have over 1 million people each. Donetsk and Luhansk provinces are the most urbanized ones.

Villages vary greatly according to the region. In Polissia the houses are small and wooden. In the forest-steppe regions the villages are large and picturesque and the houses are built of stone. Sparse and large villages are usually in the steppe, the population there is 10—12 thousand. In the mountainous Carpathians villages are tiny and the houses are wooden.

There are many Ukrainians living outside Ukraine. They live in the USA, Canada, Poland, France, England and Australia. Most of them no longer speak Ukrainian, but they are still aware of their origin.


QUESTIONS


1. How was the territory of Ukraine settled in the 19th century?

2. What is the average population density today?

3. What nationalities inhabit Ukraine?

4. What do Ukrainian villages look like?

5. Are there Ukrainians living outside Ukraine?
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