WELFARE SERVICES

1. Because perceived needs and ability to address them determine each society’s range of welfare services, there exists no universal vocabulary of social welfare. In some countries a distinction is drawn between «social services», denoting programs, such as health care and education that serve the general population, and «welfare services», denoting aid directed to vulnerable groups, such as poor, the disabled, or the delinquent. According to another classification, remedial services address the basic needs of individuals in acute or chronic distress; preventive seek to reduce the pressures and obstacles that cause such distress; and supportive services attempt, through educational, health, employment, and other programs, to maintain and improve the functioning of individuals in society. Social welfare services originated as emergency measures that were to be applied all else is failed. However, they are now generally regarded as a necessary function in any society and a means not only of rescuing the endangered but also of fostering a society’s ongoing, corporate well-being.
2. The majority of personal services are rendered on an individual basis to people who are enabled, whether temporarily or permanently, to cope with the problems of everyday living. Recipients include families faced with loss income, desertion, or illness; children and youth whose physical or moral welfare is at risk; the sick; the disabled; the frail elderly; and the unemployed. When possible, services are also directed toward preventive threats to personal or family independence. Social services generally place a high value on keeping families together in their local communities, organizing support from friends or neighbours when kinship ties are weak. Where necessary, the service provide substitute forms of home life or residential care, and play a key role in the care and control of juvenile delinquency and other socially deviant groups, such as drug and alcohol abusers.

Задание 2. Письменно переведите 1-ый абзац текста. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.
1. Is there a universal vocabulary of social welfare?
2. Speak about the distinction of the «social services» and «welfare services» in some countries.
3. In what way the majority of personal services are rendered on an individual basis to people?
4. Is it true that social services generally place a high value on keeping families together in their local communities, organizing support from friends or neighbours when kinship ties are weak?

Задание 3. Вставьте “some”, “any”, “no” или их производные.
1. Have you___relations? - No, I haven't___, I have___relations.
2. Has Simona___nephews or nieces? — She has___nephews.
3. Clare has___sisters, she has only brothers.
4. Do you know___about Egyptian art?
5. Tom and Tim have___cousins in Marietta.
6. Have you___brothers? - No, I haven't___, I have___brothers.

Задание 4. Переведите на английский язык, используя Present Perfect
Tense.
1. Я уже прочитал эту статью.
2. Мы не виделись с ним с 1978 года.
3. Сколько фильмов Тарантино ты видел?
4. Мы просмотрели его дипломную работу.
5. Они знают друг друга с 2000 года.
6. Как много фильмов снял этот режиссер?

Задание 5. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол “to be”.
1. Погода была хорошая.
2. Стена не белая.
3. Мы доктора.
4. Они будущие преподаватели.
5. Это здание нашего общежития.
6. Это библиотека Кирова?