Verified answer

#include <iostream>

#include <fstream>

#include <string>

#include <vector>

#include <algorithm>

struct Student {

   std::string surname;

   std::string name;

   int age;

   int course;

};

int main() {

   std::vector<Student> students;

   std::ifstream file("students.txt");

   if (file.is_open()) {

       std::string line;

       while (std::getline(file, line)) {

           Student student;

           std::sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s %s %d %d", &student.surname[0], &student.name[0], &student.age, &student.course);

           if (student.surname[0] == 'Ф') {

               students.push_back(student);

           }

       }

       file.close();

   } else {

       std::cerr << "Unable to open file" << std::endl;

       return 1;

   }

   std::sort(students.begin(), students.end(), [](const Student& a, const Student& b) {

       return a.name < b.name;

   });

   for (const auto& student : students) {

       std::cout << student.surname << " " << student.name << ", " << student.age << " лет, " << student.course << " курс" << std::endl;

   }

   return 0;

}