Study the text and find the English equivalents.
1. ... говорят, что компания занимается бизнесом ...:
2. …если компания-производитель расширяется, то она обычно расширяет производство товаров
3. ... компания (или человек), продающий товары небольшими партиями, называется розничным торговцем ...;
4. …oни находятся в состоянии конкуренции ...;
5. …если компания имеет преимущество над конкурентами ...;
6. ... спрос на определенные товары ...:
7. …компания, которая продает товары ...;
8. ... зарубежный рынок ...;
9. ... начинает продажу товаров за рубежом ...;
10. ... в небольших количествах ...;
A company is also called a firm or a business. While it is producing goods or trading, it is said to be in business. A firm which is just starting up is going into business and a company which stops operating goes out of business. If a company gets bigger, it expands. The expansion of a firm means it can produce more goods or sell more of its products.
A manufacturer (or manufacturing company) produces goods. The goods it makes are its products. When a manufacturing company expands, it usually increases production. If one year it produces 100 tones and the next year it produces 110 tones, it has increased production by 10%.
A company which sells goods in large quantities (in bulk) is called a wholesale distributor (or wholesaler). A company or person buying goods in bulk (or wholesale) and selling them in small quantities is a retailer. Most local shops are retailers and sell goods in retail.
Two or more companies which sell or manufacture the same product are competitors (or rivals). They are in competition and they compete for customers. In order to sell more goods than its rivals, a company must be competitive. It is important to keep ahead of the competition by selling at competitive prices. If one company has an advantage over its competitors (for example a cheaper or better product) it gives them an edge on the market.
An area where there is a demand for certain goods is called a market. A company which markets (sells) goods locally caters for the local market. Goods sold in the same country as they are produced are sold on the home (or domestic) market. A company which sells goods abroad is an exporter. An exporter (or export company) sells goods on the international (or overseas) market. The goods it exports are called exports. A company which starts selling goods overseas is said to go into exporting (or to go into the export/exporting business). An importer buys goods abroad and imports them into his own country. The goods are then called imports and the process of importing is called importation.